DSpace Collection:https://hdl.handle.net/10171/32352024-03-28T17:58:08Z2024-03-28T17:58:08ZLa revisión emocional del encuentro médico-terapéutico en M. Balint, P. Freeling y K. Browne (1957-1967)https://hdl.handle.net/10171/672752023-11-13T06:05:10Z2023-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: La revisión emocional del encuentro médico-terapéutico en M. Balint, P. Freeling y K. Browne (1957-1967)
Abstract: Se analiza la perspectiva emocional de la relación médico-paciente y la confianza propia de esta interrelación, a través de publicaciones y relatos médicos de Michael Balint, Kevin Browne y Paul Freeling, aparecidos en la década de 1960. Balint promovió en la clínica Tavistock (Londres) los llamados ‘Grupos Balint’ en los que participaron Browne y Freeling. Sus publicaciones se enmarcan en la aproximación psicoanalítica y psicosomática, enfoque que actualizó la consideración de la persona como un todo y mostró el significado de las emociones en la enfermedad. Balint, Browne y Freeling destacaron el carácter terapéutico de la relación médico-paciente y subrayaron la subjetividad y la participación tanto del profesional como del paciente, en el encuentro médico-paciente. El movimiento Balint y en ese marco, la obra de Browne y Freeling, se sumó a otras que llevaron a promover la integración de lo psicológico y el entor-no social en la definición de la enfermedad y en la práctica de la medicina de ese tiempo. El artículo pone de manifiesto los contrastes entre las propuestas de Michael Balint y las planteadas por la Escuela Psicosomática norteamericana y otros movimientos de origen psicoanalítico, respecto a la psicogenia y a la relación médico-paciente.2023-01-01T00:00:00ZEffects of the application of a prolonged combined intervention on body composition in adolescents with obesityhttps://hdl.handle.net/10171/662512023-05-22T05:12:00Z2020-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Effects of the application of a prolonged combined intervention on body composition in adolescents with obesity
Abstract: Background: The aim of this study is to describe the effects of a prolonged dietary-behavioral-physical activity
intervention (24 months) on body composition in a group of adolescents with obesity.
Methods: Longitudinal study in 196 individuals with obesity (86 boys and 110 girls) aged 10.1–14.9 years that
completed a prolonged combined intervention (24 months). Values for weight, height, skinfold thickness, waist
circumference, BMI, body fat, fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were registered or calculated. A
good response to treatment was reported when a BMI z-score reduction of greater than or equal to 0.5 units of the
initial value occurred after 24 month of follow up.
Results: A good response after 24 months of follow-up reached 58.2% (n = 114). In boys with obesity and BMI status
improvement, weight z-score, BMI z-score, body fat, and FMI significantly decreased (p < 0.05). In girls with obesity and
BMI status improvement, weight z-score, BMI z-score, waist circumference, waist z-score, body fat and FMI significantly
decreased (p < 0.05). In both sexes the height and FFMI increased significantly (p < 0.05). The multiple logistic
regression analysis showed that girls and younger age were associated with BMI status improvement; concurrently, the
place of residence (urban or rural) and degree of obesity were not associated with BMI status improvement.
Conclusion: The application of long-term combined strategies in the treatment of childhood obesity seems to be
effective. As BMI decreases, a reduction in fat mass is also detected, with evident sexual dimorphism, in the absence of
changes in fat-free mass and, consequently, in longitudinal growing.2020-01-01T00:00:00ZMediterranean diet and health outcomes in the SUN cohorthttps://hdl.handle.net/10171/647942024-02-09T07:22:49Z2018-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Mediterranean diet and health outcomes in the SUN cohort
Abstract: The Mediterranean Dietary (MedDiet) Pattern has been linked to many beneficial health
effects. This review summarizes the main findings of a prospective cohort study, the Seguimiento
Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort, specifically focused on MedDiet and the risk of major chronic
disease. It is an open cohort in which 22,786 Spanish university graduates have participated since
1999 until February 2018. Data on diet, lifestyle and clinical diagnosis are collected at baseline
and every two years. After reviewing 21 publications from the SUN cohort on the effects of the
MedDiet, we conclude that this cohort has provided good evidence that a high MedDiet adherence is
associated with a reduced incidence of all-cause mortality, fatal and non-fatal major cardiovascular
disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, depression, cognitive decline, and
nephrolithiasis. An inverse dose-response relationship was found for many of these associations.
The MedDiet was also associated with lower average heart rate, a mitigation of the harmful effects of
overweight/obesity on the risk of CVD, and an attenuation of the effects of obesity on type 2 diabetes.
A suggestion that the MedDiet may enhance fertility was also found.2018-01-01T00:00:00ZDo religious factors influence the attitude toward organ donation among medical students? Spanish multicentre studyhttps://hdl.handle.net/10171/637852024-01-29T12:49:23Z2019-01-01T00:00:00ZTitle: Do religious factors influence the attitude toward organ donation among medical students? Spanish multicentre study
Abstract: Introduction: Religious factors have conditioned the attitude toward organ donation and transplantation (ODT) since the beginning of transplantation, despite the fact that most religions are in favor of transplantation.
Objective: To assess the impact of religious beliefs of medical students on their attitude toward ODT.
Method: Population under study: Medical students in Spanish universities.
Study sample: Stratified by geographical area and academic course. Assessment instrument: Attitude ODT questionnaire PCID-DTO-Ríos, anonymous and self-administered.
Results: Of all students, 42% (n = 3907) declare themselves atheists or agnostics. The remaining 58% (n = 5368) declare themselves to be religious, the majority being Catholic (55%, n = 5102). Of the rest, 0.2% are Muslims (n = 8), 0.1% Protestants (n = 1), and the remaining 2.7% (n = 257) indicate other religious doctrines but do not want to specify it. Regarding their attitude toward ODT, those who consider themselves atheists or agnostics have a more favorable attitude than those who consider themselves religious (84% versus 76%; P < .001). Among those who follow some kind of religion, Catholics are more in favor of ODT than non-Catholics (77% vs 64%, P < .001). Note that among the religious, only 57% (n = 3050) know which religion is in favor of transplantation, while 22% (n = 1,152) consider that it has not been pronounced on the matter, 13% (n = 723) think the religion is against donation, and the remaining 8% (n = 443) do not know.
Conclusion: The religion professed by medical students conditions their attitude toward donation, with the atheists and agnostics being more in favor of donation.2019-01-01T00:00:00Z